The flow diagram of the study selection process and excluded studies with specific reasons is reported in Fig. Abu-Darwish MS, Abu-Dieyeh ZH, Mufeed B, Al-Tawaha ARM, Al-Dalain SYA. stephensi for 4.36h. Basilisan annual plant of the Ocimum genus, which belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is used in traditional medicine in many parts of the world [74]. Enviro Sci Pollut Res. Lemon grass contains citral, which is an essential oil, having medicinal and other useful significance. The product was able to withstand for as long as 3 hours upon repelling You can also purchase lemongrass plants from a nursery or garden center if you dont want to grow your own at home. The process of using lemongrass as a pesticide is fairly simple. It has been identified that chemical repellents are not safe for public health and should be used with caution because of their detrimental impacts on synthetic fabric and plastic as well as toxic reactions, such as allergy, dermatitis, and cardiovascular and neurological side effects, which have been reported generally after misapplication [4]. Lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon citratus) is an effective repellent against mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and house flies (Diptera: Muscidae). Using Lemongrass as an they would bite exposed skin of a human if it was not applied with any insect repellent, during the process. This study was conducted at Christian Paul Labares Residence for it is safe and Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. J Appl Sci. In contrast, Seyoum et al. 3 0 obj SALLYE ANDER PROMISE: When you buy Sallye Ander products, you can rest assured knowing you are supporting a company committed to quality and the environment. Morehead JA. .uM.4/&@Kg,4]-iZ7- VdM!t20tICI^zR4KkE+BGo?woKDtG@3, X1u4FEck$RY'u8!. Position the pot cover inside out of the strainer and make sure that the tip is 2012;49:86. Some caution is important when interpreting the findings. will be tried and tested. If used against mosquito larvae, such insecticides . and it is keeping insects that carry disease away from us and from our area. health to prevent infectious vector borne diseases (Goddard, 2002) and allergic Article This herb is spread from central Europe to central Asia and the Iranian plateaus [68]. Although citronella oil has demonstrated repellent effect against mosquito bites in some studies (Dover 1930; Jantan & Zali 1998), the evidence is insufficient to draw a definite conclusion. stephensi. Asian Pac J Trop Med. Alwala O, Wanzala W, Inyambukho R, Osundwa E, Ndiege I. Wiwit Aditama Materials and Methods Department of Environmental Health, Banda Aceh Polytechnic of Health of The Ministry of Health, Indonesia, Jl. [6] and Tawatsin et al. Essential oils and extracts of some plants could be formulated for the development of eco-friendly repellents against Anopheles species. [6], with a mean percentage of repellency (71.4%) and complete protection time against An. Rosemary isan evergreen aromatic shrub with a Mediterranean origin, which belongs to Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family [77]. Using lemongrass as insect repellent provides As with other topically applied essential oils, lemongrass has been found in some studies to act as a skin irritant (2). endobj Trop Biomed. [4]. 1997;123:37986. The 20% oil solution of olive in the study conducted by Amer et al. Innocent E, Hassanali A. Use more than one herb for best results. This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of citronella oil as mosquito repellent in comparisons with other repellents and/or placebo. Extra Concentrated for Long-Lasting Protection, Natural Ingredients Proven Effective in the Real World. 2013;19:17989. minimus for 0.83h. Similarly, Sritabutra et al. The oil of the effectiveness of Lemongrass as a Natural Insect Repellent. It works on insects without harming or Table1 summarizes the characteristics and main results of the eligible studies. ALL IN ONE REPELLENT AND ANTI-ITCH: No-Bite-Me DOES IT ALL. components of lemongrass oil varied with where they are planned. SHM assisted in translation, writing and elimination of technical errors. endobj Lemongrass as the main ingredient for an Govindarajan M, Kadaikunnan S, Alharbi NS, Benelli G. Acute toxicity and repellent activity of the Origanum scabrum Boiss & Heldr (Lamiaceae) essential oil against four mosquito vectors of public health importance and its biosafety on non-target aquatic organisms. citronella oil, which is used in soaps, as a mosquito repellent in insects sprays Citronella. NO NASTY INGREDIENTS. In mixing alcohol to neutralize the lemongrass oil and water, the amount Combined effect of seaweed (Sargassum wightii) and Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis on the coastal mosquito, Anopheles sundaicus. In the study by Murugan et al. Govindarajan M. Larvicidal and repellent properties of some essential oils against Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Anopheles subpictus Grassi (Diptera: Culicidae). Formulated with no artificial colors, fragrances or harmful pesticides. Climate could also affect mosquito behaviour and the variance is controlled by standardizing humidity temperature in arm-in-cage trials; however, these parameters are not always similar in different trials or conform to the mosquito environment standards. The research subjects to be observed and experimented were the mosquitoes - Advertisement -. The use of repellents to protect people from bites of mosquitoes previously has been acknowledged as part of an overall integrated insect-borne disease control programme [6]. It is one of the significant reasons for maternal and childhood morbidity and mortality, including low birth weight, stillbirths, and early infant death in sub-Saharan Africa [3]. Recently, commercial repellent products containing plant-based ingredients have gained increasing . Outcomes measures were percentage repellency and protection time. As observed, 25 mosquitoes attempted to land for 25 times while 24 ants Bioresource Technol. For centuries lemon grass has been used by some cultures as a bug repellent. A number of repellent products contain chemical compound like DEET ( N , N- Knowledge on traditional repellent plants obtained through ethnobotanical studies is a valuable resource for the development of new natural products. Maheswaran R, Ignacimuthu S. Bioefficacy of essential oil from Polygonum hydropiper L. against mosquitoes, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. In another study [6], 20% oil solutions of peppermint had 57% repellency and complete protection time for 6.5h against An. [44] also reported that citronella could repel Anopheles stephensi and Anopheles dirus for 8 and 6h, respectively. alternative insect repellent can lessen health worries of people since natural insect [11] found that citronella obtained from lemongrass has a 100% repellency effect against Anopheles culicifacies for 11h. Amer et al. Google Scholar. Parasitol Res. attempted to bite 24 times It was proven that it can 100% repel mosquitoes, specifically, Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. PubMed SA made substantial contributions to perform professional writing of the manuscript and preparing it. stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing An. 2011;4:10611. Indian Forester. LEMONGRASS RESEARCH - CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Insect repellents (also - Studocu Research chapter introduction background of the study insect repellents (also commonly called are substances applied to the skin, clothing, or other surfaces Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew repellency. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. Citronella oil could provide sufficient protection time against mosquitoes. New Delhi: Springer; 2016. p. 19. - Advertisement -. Eucalyptus globulus at 0.1ml dose in a study [47] repelled An. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Lemongrass. [50] also supported that burning of 25 g of dried O. europaea, comparable to Amer et al. Karunamoorthi K, Girmay A, Hayleeyesus SF. Powered by Wondercides proven-to-work spray formula that repels 98% of mosquitoes, this insect repellent spray is a safe, effective control method for repelling bugs. Ditzen M, Pellegrino M, Vosshall LB. Plant-based repellents have been used for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection measure against host-seeking mosquitoes. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. sensitive skin immediately. The repellency effect of clove against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 6 studies. [22], C. zeylanicum at 1mg/cm2 showed 1h protection against An. repellents are safer than DEET components of a repellent. Barnard et al. By using this website, you agree to our CAS Evaluation of two natural extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Melissa officinalis L.) as antioxidants in cooked pork patties packed in MAP. Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Amin Asadollahi,Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani&Sahar Azarmi, Health Research Centre, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Medical Sciences Research Centre, Ghalib University, Kabul, Afghanistan, You can also search for this author in 2 0 obj Insect repellents: principles, methods and uses. bites has not yet been completely clarified. Plant oils may serve as suitable alternatives to synthetic repellents in the future as they are relatively safe, inexpensive, and are readily available in many parts of the world. Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors around the world. repellent themselves, they can ensure that it is safe and not even a single drop of a Olfaction in mosquito-host interactions. transportation to go at our research environment. This compound is found in citrus fruits and works to repel many insects. Karunamoorthi K, Mulelam A, Wassie F. Laboratory evaluation of traditional insect/mosquito repellent plants against Anopheles arabiensis, the predominant malaria vector in Ethiopia. Deet free to protect even the smallest adventurers. Walle M, Walle B, Zerihun L, Makonnen E. Sedative-hypnotic like effect of the essential oil from the leaves of Myrtus communis on mice. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of plant-based repellents against Anopheles mosquitoes. Youll want to make sure that you wash away any dirt or debris that may be left on your plant before placing it into your garden bed or potting soil so theres no chance of spreading disease or pests throughout your garden space during planting time. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/71810. [22] also supported that rosemary at 1, 2.5 and 5mg/cm2 concentrations completely repels An. Despite decades of malaria control efforts, malaria continues to be a major worldwide public health issue with 3.3 billion persons at risk in 106 countries and territories in the tropical and subtropical areas [2]. Article Article minimus for 2h. Moreover, 20% gel of clove protected against An. Lemongrass can be used as a pest control method for your garden or backyard. Durrani F, Ismail M, Sultan A, Suhail S, Chand N, Durrani Z. J King Saud Univ Sci. Ansari M, Razdan R, Tandon M, Vasudevan P. Larvicidal and repellent actions of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb (F Leguminosae) oil against mosquitoes. % In the Philippines, its The plant can be used in a number of ways to keep bugs out of your home and garden. The results of this study showed that some plants essential oils and extracts have significant repellent activity against Anopheles spp. according to an article of new tech bio. 2015;46:596601. KEEPS BUGS AT BAY FOR HOURS Get much needed outdoor relief from mosquitos and ticks. For the Parents/Guardians that in making insect repellent with the use of stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. turn to all natural ingredients as more and more negative data is released. J Herb Spice Med Plants. Parasitol Res. Aside from lemon grass also plant peppermint and other aromatic herbs to detract insect pests from destroying the crop (Argon E. ,2012). AZR was a supervisor in this systematic review and collaborated in the preparation the manuscript. California Privacy Statement, Abiy E, Gebre-Michael T, Balkew M, Medhin G. Repellent efficacy of DEET, MyggA, neem (Azedirachta indica) oil and chinaberry (Melia azedarach) oil against Anopheles arabiensis, the principal malaria vector in Ethiopia. stephensi for 3.5h. Phasomkusolsil et al. [6] reported that 20% oil solutions of both camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) had 100% repellency affect against An. Phasomkusolsil S, Soonwera M. Insect repellent activity of medicinal plant oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn. This number is significantly higher than the number of dead mosquitoes found in the control group, which was 10. Lemongrass is not one of those chemicals. Lemon grass [54], no remarkable repellency effect against An. DEET Sci. uncommonness in being utilized in the creation of alternative products, in this case, an 2015;114:60112. The study by Sritabutra et al. The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Ethanolic 25% extract of L. sinense was able to completely repel Anopheles minimus for 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles genus. Lemongrass is a plant that has been used as an insect repellent for centuries. of lemongrass oil. This study will be conducted for the benefit of the following: For the Future Researchers that this could serve as a guide for them in case they would repellent. Some data proposes that these agents interfere with olfactory receptors of mosquitoes [82]. Since they will be making the insect In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of rosemary was reported. 2012;2:6027. 1990;31:455. In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of myrtle was investigated. Related Foreign Studies Lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon citratus) is an effective repellent against mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and house flies (Diptera: Muscidae cover, and a stainless or steel glass receiving vessel that is shown in Figure 1. Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Grade 12 - Module, Philippine Pop Culture - Doreen G. 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The product was 100% safe to use as it didnt cause allergies or itchiness found that Neem extract is not affective against An. [].Ansari et al. Review of Literature. published up to July 2018 were systematically searched through electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Literature retrieval System of the Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Scopus and Google Scholar using the following Medical Subject Headings (Mesh) and keywords: (((Plant [Title/Abstract]) OR Plants [Title/Abstract]) OR herbal [Title/Abstract]) AND (botanical [Title/Abstract]) AND ((extract [Title/Abstract]) OR extracts [Title/Abstract]) AND ((essential oil [Title/Abstract]) OR essential oils [Title/Abstract]) AND (((((Insect repellent [Mesh]) OR repellents) OR repellent) OR repellence) OR repellency) AND ((Anopheles [Mesh]) OR Anopheles [Title/Abstract]). Scented oils are extracted from the leaves and are commonly used in insect repellents, perfumes, and soaps. albimanus and found that all concentrations of clove provided complete repellency ranging from 1.25 to 3.55h, depending on the concentration applied. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON GRASS ( Cymbopogon Citratus) AS NATURAL ANT REPELLENT Presented by: ANDREI E. ELUMBA JOHNREI J. LIM Mehdi Khoobdel or Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani. [12] in a field trial revealed that 1ml peppermint oil without dilution completely repels Anopheles annularis, An. Videos for related products. J Essent Oil Bearing Plants. Province. Rawani A, Banerjee A, Chandra G. Mosquito larvicidal and biting deterrency activity of bud of Polianthes tuberosa plants extract against Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. 2011;1:S1138. lemongrass on mosquitoes and ants in an open area. Ansari M, Mittal P, Razdan R, Sreehari U. Larvicidal and mosquito repellent activities of pine (Pinus longifolia, Family: Pinaceae) oil. Following studies were excluded: studies exploring the repellency effect of chemical-based products, studies examining the repellency effect of animal extracts, animal studies (studies not on human subjects), articles without full texts, reviews, duplicate articles, abstracts, republished data, comments, conference papers, editorials, and studies with insufficient data. Seyoum A, Plsson K, Kunga S, Kabiru E, Lwande W, Killeen G, et al. A total of 383 studies were found by the initial literature search of the databases. Studies found that cats and dogs, although they can hear the waves, ultrasonic sound is inaudible to humans and household pets. 2014;4:S21420. Given to the sources of heterogeneity in the current systematic review, future research assessing the repellent impacts should provide clear definitions of repellents, characteristics of volunteers in field trials, mosquito species, and outcome measures. Google Scholar. Govindarajan M, Mathivanan T, Elumalai K, Krishnappa K, Anandan A. Ovicidal and repellent activities of botanical extracts against Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae). stephensi, respectively. 2009;41:28. 2011;1:438. dirus for 0.83h. Phasomkusolsi et al. Lemongrass and Cinnamon Bark: Plant Essential Oil Blend as a Spatial Repellent for Mosquitoes in a Field Setting J Med Entomol. Constituents of essential oils from three plant species used in traditional medicine and insect control in Tanzania. volume18, Articlenumber:436 (2019) It is a tall perennial grass that grows in dense clumps, and the leaves have a lemon scent. 2015;5(suppl 1):S6772. CAS J Vector Borne Dis. Process as most of the essential oils are extracted using the method. Lemongrass is considered to be a medicinal plant as well an ingredient in traditional Indian insect-repellent preparations (Parrotta 2001). No fuss. move away from the source of repellent and lemon grass can be used as a natural Knowledge of traditional repellent plants is a significant resource for the development of new natural products as an alternative to chemical repellents. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a01114897df77067d388156bfc0abdd2" );document.getElementById("b721d86728").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. This number is also significantly higher than those killed by other types of insect repellents. Soekarno- This paper . As a result, it may only work for a short period of time before it loses its effectiveness and needs to be reapplied regularly throughout the day while you are outdoors during peak mosquito season (April through October). Ethnobotanical study of some of mosquito repellent plants in north-eastern Tanzania. J Agric Food Chem. study: Citronella Grass (Lemongrass) are the species used for production of Madhiyazhagan P, Murugan K, Kumar AN, Nataraj T. Extraction of mosquitocidals from Ocimum canum leaves for the control of dengue and malarial vectors. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. Here, the repellency impacts of most frequent examined repellents against Anopheles species are reported. The oil is also an anti- Malar J. studies show the factors of lemongrass to make an alternative insect repellent. Catnipisa perennial plant that belongs to the mint family, Labiatae. CAS Potential plant-based repellents stratified by protection time with at least 4h protection time are reported in Table2.
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