One of the most fascinating facts about Strasbourg Cathedral is that it took hundreds of years to complete. Both the interior and exterior of the Strasbourg Cathedral are extraordinary, once called by Victor Hugo "a prodigy of the gigantic and the delicate." Built on the foundations of a Roman. HayleesSilver From shop HayleesSilver. It was constructed beginning in about 1330, following the rebuilding of the transept. This embroidered cloth has a length of about 70 meters (230 feet) and a height of 50 centimeters (20 inches). [16], A Roman settlement called Argentoratum, twenty hectares in size, existed on the site since about 12 B.C., at a strategic point where bridges crossed the Rhine and two of its tributaries. [81], The man on the balustrade (south transept). The meeting points between the columns and the vault ribs is decorated with vegetal sculpture. Repairs to war damage were completed only in the early 1990s. It was the tallest building of world for over 227 years. What makes this monument extraordinarily impressive are the steeple with . Stavelot Triptych. The current cathedral wasnt the first building on the site, 4. The reverse of the central doors of the portal has a column statue of Saint Peter holding the keys of the kingdom and above it a blind rose, without glass, a miniature version of the large rose window above it. The cathedral was eventually surpassed in height by the St. Nikolai Church in Hamburg, Germany. The sculpture largely dates to the late 13th century and is similar in theme and style to that of the sculpture of Reims Cathedral made between 1250 and 1260, though the Strasbourg sculpture shows greater realism.[53]. A large arched bay occupies the central portion, just below a balustrade. The first cathedral was built on top of this temple and was completed in the 7th century, but nothing of these structures remains today. "We will rebuild Notre-Dame together because that is what our history deserves." The goal is to have the repairs completed in time for the 2024 Summer Olympics. The other vaults in the crossing were also intended to be painted, but funding was insufficient. Another remarkable feature inside the church is the Strasbourg astronomical clock. Its the third clock on this location and was installed in the year 1843, with previous clocks dating back to the 14th and 16th centuries. From 1647 until 1874 it was the world's tallest building and today it is still the highest structure still standing that was built in the middle ages. 00 4006 Langhausorgel im Strassburger Mnster.jpg 1,467 2,200; 3.7 MB 14-02-07-Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg-RalfR-05.jpg 2,848 4,288; 9.23 MB 14-02-07-Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg-RalfR-11.jpg 2,848 4,288; 8.14 MB A paleochristian church or cathedral is believed to have been founded by an edict of Clovis I, but its exact location and appearance is unknown. One of the most amazing facts about Strasbourg Cathedral is that an addition was made in the early 16th century in the post-Gothic, early-Renaissance style, as well. The crossing of the transept and the choir is topped by the central cupola or dome, which is supported by four gigantic pillars, each wrapped in eight columns, which reach up to support the vaults under the cupola. [84], The stained glass window in the axis of the apse depicts the Virgin of Alscace. After the war, it was returned to the cathedral by the Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives section of the United States military.[47]. Walk through history on a guided walking tour of the Strasbourg Cathedral. In 1682, the choir screen (built in 1252) was broken out to expand the choir towards the nave. The painted figures on the wall represent fathers of the church and founders of religious orders, depicted in Byzantine style. The original statue-columns of the Apostles from the 1220s which supported the tympanum were smashed in 1793 during the French Revolution. A statue on the west side of the pillar represents a famed preacher contemporary with the cathedral; Johann Geiler von Kaysersberg (d. 1510); a small sculpture along the railing of the stairs depicts Geiler's dog, mourning his master on steps of the pulpit where he once preached. After the French defeat, Alsace was ceded to the new German Empire until 1918. When the Romans were driven out, the original structure was replaced by a temple dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Strasbourg Cathedral 104 Results Strasbourg Alsace France Petite France Ill Waterfront Sticker By artshop77 From $1.40 DECEMBER Canvas Print By Tritri Choupi $84.50 Strasbourg Cathedral - France Sticker By Moritz Schwble From $2.61 Strasbourg Alsace France Petite France street scene Sticker By artshop77 From $1.40 strasbourg cathedral Sticker After trying several temporary measures, in 1915, during the First World War, he launched a large-scale project to replace the entire foundation of the cathedral with concrete. The clock shows much more than the official time; it also indicates solar time, the day of the week (each represented by a god of mythology), the month, the year, the sign of the zodiac, the phase of the moon and the position of several planets. The new building, with its wooden roof beams, was unfortunately prone to fire; it suffered from fires in 1136, 1140,1150, and 1176. This Carolingian church is believed to have had an apse flanked by two chapels and a nave covered with a wooden beamed roof, but no trace remains today. The work was completed in 1439. The cathedral has an observation deck that offers stunning views, French Revolution in the late 18th century, The Laughing Cavalier by Frans Hals Top 8 Facts, The Caf-Concert by douard Manet Top 8 Facts, Top 10 Famous Paintings at the Frans Hals Museum, 8 Historic Facts about the Szchenyi Chain Bridge. Under the roof of the Klotz tower are the six bells that ring the weekly masses but also the baptisms, marriages and deaths of parishioners. Above this is a flamboyant Gothic balustrade with an original sundial from about 1493, and above that are two small rose windows from the same period. In 1524, the city council assigned the cathedral to the Protestant faith, while the building suffered some damage from iconoclastic assaults. The visual effect of the faade is enhanced by its unusual darkish red stone. A monument has been erected in his honor in a town nearby called Steinbach which is part of the town of Baden-Baden, about 30 kilometers (20 miles) to the northeast of Strasbourg. A little-known treasure of Strasbourg, the gothic Eglise Saint-Pierre-le-Jeune was consecrated in 1053 by the Alsatian Pope Leo IX. The rose windows of the west transept facade were made between 1230 and 1235, Above the rose are smaller round oculi from the same period, depicting Biblical symbols; the Alpha and Omega, the Candelabra of the Ancient Alliance, and others which combine floral and geometric designs. On a clear day, it can be seen all the way from the Vosges Mountains, a mountain range over 30 kilometers to the southeast of the city, and the Black Forest, a famous forest an equal distance to the east! Above this is a globe, with painted figures of the Church and the Antichrist confronting each other. Between the lower tower and spire there is a balustrade, almost hidden by pinnacles and other architectural decoration. Its also the capital of the Bas-Rhin department. The Gothic style also appeared in the statuary, particularly the Pillar of the Angels, and in the tympanums over the double portals on the south transept, which showed the influence of the sculpture in French Gothic cathedrals. The reddish-brown sandstone from the Vosges mountains gives the cathedral its distinctive colour.[8]. The exterior height of the central nave reaches an astounding 40 meters (130 feet) as well. It was decorated with paintings by the Swiss painter Tobias Stimmer. The Cathedral stands on the exact site of a roman temple built on a little hill above the muddy ground. The Strasbourg astronomical clock is located in the Cathdrale Notre-Dame of Strasbourg, Alsace, France. These include some of the original statues from the portals and faade dating from the 13th century, including the statues of "The Church" and "The Synagogue" from the portal of the south transept. It was originally made in 1498 by Nicolas Roder for the cemetery of Saint-Thomas, and was based on engravings by Martin Schongauer and Albrecht Drer. [68] Its base is topped by a gallery with pointed arches, beneath a level with large arched bays, two on each side, side, divided by clusters of columns. Built of red Vosges sandstone, it is a harmonious edifice despite the variety of its architectural styles. The history of Strasbourg's cathedral is well documented thanks to the archives of the Notre-Dame Foundation, the city of Strasbourg, and of the diocese. After the spire of the St. Marys church in Stralsund burned down, it became the tallest building in the world, a record it would hold a total of 227 years between 1647 and 1874! It took hundreds of years to complete. [60], As with all the other portals, several of the statues have been replaced by copies in situ and are today displayed in the Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame. [20] Erwin von Steinbach's son Johannes von Steinbach served as magister operis, or Werkmeister (chief architect) from (at least) 1332 until his death in 1341. Theres a reason why the church has an asymmetrical form, 12. [19], 1277 plan for west front (Plan Riss B restitution), Construction of Strasbourg Cathedral, by Thophile Schuler, 1850, Strasbourg Cathedral in the Middle Ages, painting by August von Bayer (19th century), The next major project was the rebuilding of the west front, or facade, in the Gothic style. The transept of the cathedral was 55 meters long, the same length as the nave and choir. This part of the clock is surrounded by painted figures representing the ancient empires Greece, Assyria, Persia, and Rome. The reason is simply that the intention was to eventually build the south tower, but this never happened, resulting in the buildings distinctive form today. Although considerable parts of it are still in Romanesque architecture, it is widely considered At 142 metres , Strasbourg Cathedral was the world's tallest building from 1647 to 1874 , when it was surpassed by St. Nikolai's Church, Hamburg. It is the second most visited cathedral in France, just after Notre Dame de Paris! Download Strasbourg Cathedral stock photos. Drawing A, circa 1260. Strasbourg Cathedral is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Strasbourg, France. [8], A set of "Emperor" windows, (Otto I, Otto II, Otto III, Conrad II, Henry III), Emperors Philip of Swabia, Henry IV, Henry V, Frederick II, Henry II of Bamberg, with head remounted on earlier body (1522), The five lower bays on the north side contain some of the oldest stained glass of the cathedral, installed in the old Romanesque cathedral in about 1180. Homepage Strasbourg. This magnificent cathedral is located in the city of Strasbourg in the eastern part of the country. It is the third clock on that spot and dates from th. The portals are set forward from the front of the church by the network of slender columns, spires and arches which form an outer decorative wall. In the late Middle Ages, the city of Strasbourg had managed to liberate itself from the domination of the bishop and to rise to the status of Free Imperial City. One of the oldest surviving architectural drawings of the cathedral. the choir and south portal, still have very Romanesque features, with more emphasis placed on walls than on windows. The cathedral has a length of 112 meters (367 feet) and a width of 16 meters (52 feet). The Neustadt draws the inspiration for its urban layout partially . .The lower part of the massive base of the clock has statues of Apollo and the Goddess Diana presenting a circular calendar of the liturgical year, whose revolving face with a globe points to the dates of major religious festivals and events. Construction began in 1015, and it was largely completed in 1432. Every day at solar noon, Christ and the Apostles go on a procession and the rooster is integrated into the clock crows thrice. A balustrade crosses the face of the transept, and above is a wall of two bays filled with stained glass. As it turns, it shows the 1,022 stars identified by Ptolemy, as viewed above the horizon of Strasbourg. [37] The church is located in the Alsace Region in eastern France, 2. The construction of the cathedral, which had started in the year 1015 and had been relaunched in 1190, was finished in 1439.[6]. The face is flanked by two cylindrical towers with narrow lancet windows and pointed roofs. Most of these windows date back to the 12th and 13th centuries! The portal outside the northern transept is equally fascinating, 10. It rises in three levels; the portals on the ground level; the level of the rose window above them, and the top level, with a balustrade. The northern transept is decorated with the Emperor Windows, also referred to as the Kaiserfenster.. Behind him is the portal of Saint Laurent. Other articles where Cathedral of Notre-Dame is discussed: Strasbourg: The contemporary city: Strasbourg's 11th-15th-century Cathedral of Notre-Dame, damaged in 1870 and again in World War II, has been carefully restored. [52], The cathedral has three portals, corresponding to the three vessels of the nave. If you love heritage, culture and the art of living, there's no doubt that you'll fall in love with this city! The choir was given its multicolour painted decoration, by douard Steinl and Charles Auguste Steinheil, finished in 1879. It was called the Dreiknigsuhr ("three-king clock"), and was located at the opposite wall from where today's clock is. When the word was spread that Adolf Hitler wanted to turn the church into a national sanctuary of the German people during World War II, all the stained-glass windows were put into 74 boxes and stored in a salt mine near Heilbronn in Germany. While previous faades were certainly drawn prior to construction, Strasbourg has one of the earliest faades whose construction is inconceivable without prior drawing. Strasbourg is, indeed, in France. Klotz's dome was in turn heavily damaged by bombing raids during World War II, and restored between 1988 and 1992. It is in a Neo-Byzantine style, with Christ in a red frame in the center. The columns are lavishly decorated with sculpted foliage. It has an asymmetrical facade (mainly 13th century) with fine . Strasbourg Cathedral (official French: Notre-Dame de Strasbourg ,German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburg, Our Lady of Strasbourg) is the Cathedral in Strasbourg. Under the balustrade is a large painting on wood illustrating the Nativity, in a sweeping landscape. [10], The history of Strasbourg's cathedral is well documented thanks to the archives of the Notre-Dame Foundation, the city of Strasbourg, and of the diocese. The Bishop appealed to the new Emperor, who granted one eighth of his revenues in the province toward the construction of a new Cathedral. Interior of the Strasbourg cathedral De kathedraal van Straatsburg (Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, Strassburger Mnster) behoort tot de grootste en beroemdste kathedralen van Frankrijk. The cathedral was hit by British and American bombs during air raids on the centre of Strasbourg on 11 August 1944, which also heavily damaged the Palais Rohan and the Sainte-Madeleine Church. In addition to the grand organ in nave, the cathedral has two smaller organs: The baptismal font by Jost Dotzinger (1453), Judgement of Solomon window in north transept (late 12th c.), Saint John the Baptist and Saint John the Evangelist (3rd quarter of 12th century), left window of north transept, The transept and the apse were built atop the Romanesque crypt, making them a little higher than the nave; they are reached by a short stairway, giving the impression that the choir and apse are the stage of a theater. Under Charlemagne, the Bishop Remi consecrated the altar and built a funeral crypt in about 778. [69] The medieval crossing dome's aspect was altered several times over the centuries. The rounded arches of tympanum over the doorway contain sculpture of the Virgin Mary dying, surrounded by the Twelve Apostles and being crowned by Christ. [34] The main or high altar, a major work of early Renaissance sculpture, was also demolished that year. While the spire is the most prominent feature, the western faade is the most impressive element of the cathedrals design. The first version of the church was starting to be built during 1015 by proposal of Bishop Werner von Habsburg, but fire destroyed most of . There are two altars fixed to west pillars of the crossing, both from the 16th century; one devoted to Saint Pancras of Rome and the other to Saint Maurice. With its spire soaring 142m above the city, Our Lady of Strasbourg Cathedral was the highest building in the West until the nineteenth century. The cathedral was built in Gothic style. The city celebrated its 2,000th anniversary in October of the year 1988 because it was first mentioned as the Ancient Roman settlement of Argentoratum in the year 12 B.C. A sculpture of a head, wearing the hat of an architect or magistrate, gazes from the balustrade at the pillar of angels. It was rebuilt 1298, in 13241327, in 1384, 1430, and 1489 and finally in 1716 by Andr Silbermann. Architect Jakob von Landshut and sculptor Hans von Aachen rebuilt the portal of the northern portal, now referred to as the Saint-Lawrence portal or Portail Saint-Laurent, starting in 1505, which was the height of the Renaissance period. It houses one of the biggest astronomical clocks in the world, 15. This massive faade was decorated with thousands of figures giving it a unique and magnificent impression! Thanks to 3D reconstructions of. The larger crypt has three naves, of equal size, divided by slender columns. [82], Multiple faces of the clock -stars and hours, One face of the clock -signs of the zodiac, The astronomical clock, located in the south transept, is one of the most famous features of the cathedral. Johann Knauth, le sauveur de la cathdrale", "Les rcentes fouilles de Strasbourg (19471948), leurs rsultats pour la chronologie d'Argentorate", "Dcouverte majeure sous la cathdrale: un bassin antique serait la premire piscine baptismale de Strasbourg", "Des lgionnaires romains aux btisseurs de la cathdrale: la fouille de la place du Chteau Strasbourg", "1340 1371: Construction de la chapelle Sainte-Catherine et de la tour nord", "LA CATHDRALE DE STRASBOURG CATHDRALE FRANAISE? This enormous bell was installed but cracked shortly afterwards. Other scenes are painted onto the reverse of the bas-reliefs. You will surely enjoy exploring the vibrant . From the platform of Strasbourg Cathedral, 66 meters above the ground, discover a striking panorama of the city in 1490 to the west, and in 1730 to the east. While its most definitely assumed that drawings of buildings were made before the construction of this cathedral, the construction of this particular church marked an important moment in architectural history. Plans to rebuild and restore the Notre Dame Cathedral are underway, with donations pouring in from all over. Like the city of Strasbourg, the cathedral connects German and French cultural influences, while the eastern structures, e.g. The Gothic pillars of the new section were copied exactly from those of the Basilica of Saint Denis. Kids Encyclopedia Facts. The tracery and decoration of the interior are very much like of that exterior, with blind galleries and delicate parallel vertical lines, like the strings of a harp. The cupola itself rests upon four squinches, a base made of rounded arches, which make the connection between the Gothic and Romanesque elements. "It is our history," French president Emmanuel Macron said after the fire. [86], Original wimperg of the faade in the Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, Original statues of the Tempter, the foolish Virgins and the wise Virgins from the right faade portal, Bust (ca. Decrees of the Emperor rendering justice were traditionally read out in front of this doorway. A professor of the University of Iowa even wrote a paper concluding that the faade indeed had a well-planned design as it was designed using a series of rotated octagons. A pointed arch frames the window, and a row of blind arches at the lower level completes the decoration. The cathedral can be seen from over 30 kilometers (20 miles) away from all sides on a clear day. History. This is also true for Ecclesia and Synagoga, arguably the most famous statues of the cathedral, if not of Strasbourg. The length of the cathedral is about 100 metres, with the main aisle of 38 metres. Archaeological excavations below and around the cathedral have been conducted in 18961897,[11] 1907,[12] 19231924,[13] 19471948,[14] between 1966 and 1972,[15] and finally between 2012 and 2014. The cathedral is illuminated by one of the most remarkable collections of stained-glassed windows in the world. CATHDRALE ALLEMANDE? The next major step toward Gothic took place with the raising of the vaults of the south transept, creating thinner walls and more space for high windows. It was electrified after 1807, and was restored and modified several times, most recently in 193435 and in 197581, giving it the current forty-seven jeux.[76]. Other moving figures include a trumpet player carrying a banner and a pretzel vendor being offered flour, water, and salt by the caryatides on the console. While Strasbourg, today, is a symbol of unity in Europe, for centuries, it was at the center of conflict. The sculpture over the central tympanum and over the south portal of the transept was saved because it was covered with wooden planks with the revolutionary motto "Libert-Egalit-Fraternit,"[36], In April 1794, the Enrags started planning to tear the spire down, on the grounds that it hurt the principle of equality. The Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, or Museum of the Work of Notre-Dame, is located in a medieval and Renaissance building not far from the cathedral, and displays a collection of some of the most delicate original works of sculpture and art from Cathedral, moved there to protect them from environmental damage. Add to Favorites . The most amazing feature of the cathedral is its west faade, 9. The new plan was inspired in part by French cathedrals, particularly the Basilica of Saint-Urbain of Troyes. It was the tallest building in the world for a period of 227 years, 6. . [18]. [30], Notre Dame of Strasbourg turned into a Temple of Reason during the French Revolution, Strasbourg cathedral in 1837 with an optical telegraph, Strasbourg and the cathedral in 1869 (photo by Charles David Winter[fr]), Following the outbreak of the French Revolution, on 2 November 1789, all church property was seized by the French state and was soon vandalised by the most ardent revolutionaries, the Enrags. 300 years actually, give or take a few decade! two bells are from 1987 and 2006. An even older bell, by Jean Jacques-Miller (1595), repeats the sounding of the hours one minute later. On the south side of the nave, the upper walls have windows depicting female saints, including local saints from Alsace or Strasbourg. It is separated from the nave by two massive pillars, 8.5 by 5 meters, which support the tower above. This unique architectural style of the cathedral makes it all the more beautiful. At the lower level are statues of the four Evangelists. This is, however, nothing compared to the height of the spire, which reaches a total height of 142 meters (466 feet) above the ground. Walk up 66 meters to marvel at the view of Strasbourg from the top of the clock. It looks over the former cloister of the canons of the cathedral. The planned south tower was never built and as a result, with its characteristic asymmetrical form, the cathedral is now the premier landmark of Alsace. [50], The restoration of the tower was completed in 2006, and in 2014 a new campaign of restoration was begun on the south transept. The Cathedrale Strasbourg is a Roman Catholic Church renovated and essentially rebuilt (from the original church of 1015) at the end of the 12th century in a Gothic architectural style. The first traverses were made in what was known as the Lorraine style, with two levels of quadripartite windows, traversed by a narrow passageway. Outside, the facade is the greatest "book" of images the Middle Ages has to offer. [9] The Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, a municipal museum located in the Foundation's buildings, displays original works of art from the cathedral, such as sculptures and stained-glass, but also the surviving original medieval buildings plans. One can see 30 kilometers from the observation level, which provides a view of the Rhine banks from the Vosges all the way to the Black Forest. The Bayeux Tapestry is without a doubt the most fascinating Romanesque artwork that was ever produced. A bas-relief of an abstracted Gothic cathedral will emerge on the . Adolf Hitler, who visited it on 28 June 1940, intended to transform the church into a "national sanctuary of the German people",[43] or into a monument to the Unknown German Soldier. One of the oldest gothic cathedrals in France and the world, along with the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. [72], The creation of Adam and Eve (Narthex) (12801345), The lower bay on the south has stained glass windows that depict the Last Judgement, while the north bay windows illustrate twelve episodes from the Book of Genesis, including the creation of Adam and Eve, the original sin, the expulsion from Paradise, and Noah's ark. Back in the day that Strasbourg was referred to as Argentoratum by the Ancient Romans, the site was already occupied by a Roman sanctuary. A cathedral is a large Christian church. The European capital and the capital of Alsace, Strasbourg exudes youthfulness and energy. Strasbourg is located close to the border of Germany. It was hoisted up to its present position in 1327. In addition to being one of the finest examples of high Gothic architecture remaining today, Strasbourg Cathedral has a fascinating history spanning hundreds of years. Notre Dame de Strasbourg Cathedral. The north tower was the world's tallest building from 1647 (when the taller spire of St. Mary's Church, Stralsund burnt down) until 1874 (when the tower of St. Nikolai's Church in Hamburg was completed). The walls are pierced with narrow slits, like a medieval fortress, giving it a very military appearance. The urban community is the residence for 467,375 people, while the city proper was occupied by 272,975 people based on the report in 2006. The level above displays a group of mechanical chariots, with allegorical figures representing the days of the week, which move daily to bring to the front the current day of the week. They are traditionally hung in the arcades of the nave during Advent. Strasbourg Cathedral or the Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg (French: Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, or Cathdrale de Strasbourg, German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburg or Straburger Mnster), also known as Strasbourg Minster, is a Catholic cathedral in Strasbourg, Alsace, France. The narthex is the portion of the cathedral just inside the west front, beneath the tower. [85], The cathedral has two Romanesque crypts, the oldest parts of the cathedral. de la Cathdrale, 67000 Strasbourg, France Phone +33 3 88 21 43 34 Web Visit website A masterpiece of Gothic architecture, Notre-Dame Cathedral rivals its more famous counterpart in Paris.
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